Gender-Specific Care for Women in Psychiatric Units.

Structural inequalities in health care often result in female patients' not receiving care tailored to their needs. Women with mental illness in the peripartum period are no exception. Caan and colleagues delve into the benefits of breastfeeding in psychiatric units, highlighting the scarcity of appropriate resources due to the lack of mother-baby units in the United States. They also offer practical solutions and a legal analysis to address this problem. This commentary aims to broaden the scope of the article and emphasize how psychiatric care in the United States needs to address much more than lactation to provide gender-specific care. Elements of care to consider include types of treatment modalities offered, perinatal psychotropic choices, access to co-hospitalization options, lactation resources, and posthospitalization support. Pursuing a holistic and multi-disciplinary approach will allow psychiatric facilities in the United States to provide gender-appropriate care that will not only benefit women with mental health needs in the peripartum period, but also their infants and families as a whole.

Revisiting the False Confession Problem.

Despite the existence of important safeguards in our criminal legal system, innocent suspects often succumb to forceful and deceptive interrogation techniques. Among those over-represented members of the false confessor population are minors, people with cognitive and intellectual disabilities, and those with psychiatric disorders. Some of the confessions made by these at-risk populations can hardly be considered voluntary or reliable, but they are generally admitted at trial, regardless of their prejudicial effect. Forensic psychiatrists should become more involved in the overall process of evaluating confessions, not only testifying in courts, but also assisting policymakers in reforming the interrogation process and influencing the legal process. Thus, forensic psychiatrists may give their expert opinion by providing proper training to police interrogators and examining videotaped interrogations. In addition, forensic experts can be instrumental in contributing to three legal solutions that we propose to the false confession problem: a constitutional approach, an evidence law approach, and a jury instruction approach. Each of these approaches requires forensic psychiatrists to help judges and jurors understand the coercive nature of the interrogation process and its effect on suspects' behavior.

Nasal profile assessment using geometric morphometrics in a sample of chilean population: clinical and forensic implications / Evaluación del perfil nasal mediante morfometría geométrica en unamuestra de población chilena. Implicancias clínicas y forenses

The search of morphological patterns of nasal profile using traditional morphometrics has been the goal of several studies aiming to orient therapeutical planning and forensic techniques such as facial reconstruction. The present study aims to find and describe such patterns with geometric morphometric tools in a sample of Chilean population with geometric morphometric tools. We used the lateral X-rays of 156 individuals (men and women) and 14 landmarks in bone and soft tissues. Procrustes analysis was performed followed by principal component analysis to assess general shape variation, regression of shape components against centroid size to study to allometric effect and discriminant analysis by sex with cross-validation test. Our results show the lack of shape patterns, and that the size, followed by sex, explains within a limited scope the shape changes which suggests the presence of uncontrolled variables and a high effect of inter-individual variation. In general terms bigger profiles, more frequent in men, show a lower Pronasal point, a more prominent nasal dorsum with a thicker layer of soft tissue, and a vertically expanded upper lip. We suggest the reassessment of the importance of individual aesthetic evaluation for clinical purposes, and recommend caution in concluding results based on forensic reconstruction techniques.

La descripción de patrones morfológicos del perfil nasal en la población que orienten la toma de decisiones y evaluación terapéutica, y que aseguren el éxito de técnicas como la reconstrucción facial forense, ha sido el objetivo de numerosos estudios basados en el uso de morfometría tradicional. El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio del perfil nasal en una muestra de población chilena utilizando herramientas de la morfometría geométrica. Se utilizaron las radiografías de una muestra mixta de 156 individuos adultos y 14 hitos en perfil duro y blando. Se realizó el análisis de Procusto, seguido de análisis de componentesprincipales para el estudio exploratorio de la forma, regresión de los componentes de la forma contra el tamaño de centroide para el estudio del efecto alométrico en la forma del perfil nasal, análisis discriminante para la variable sexo y prueba de validación cruzada. Los resultados muestran que de las variables controladas, el tamaño y luego el sexo serían las que más explican la variabilidad observada, sin embargo el peso general de estas variables es bajo, sugiriendo la presencia de otras variables no controladas, y un gran componente de variación entre los individuos. Morfológicamente, se observa que los perfiles de mayor tamaño, de mayor frecuencia en hombres, presentan un punto nasal más descendido y un dorso nasal más curvo, así como un labio más expandido verticalmente. Desde el punto de vista estético, se sugiere dar importancia a la evaluación individual con fines terapéuticos. En antropología forense, se sugiere la prudencia en las conclusiones basadas en técnicas de reconstrucción debido a la falta de patrones morfológicos que orienten la técnica de manera certera.

Expression of a family of noncoding mitochondrial RNAs distinguishes normal from cancer cells.

We reported the presence in human cells of a noncoding mitochondrial RNA that contains an inverted repeat (IR) of 815 nucleotides (nt) covalently linked to the 5' end of the mitochondrial 16S RNA (16S mtrRNA). The transcript contains a stem-loop structure and is expressed in human proliferating cells but not in resting cells. Here, we demonstrate that, in addition to this transcript, normal human proliferating cells in culture express 2 antisense mitochondrial transcripts. These transcripts also contain stem-loop structures but strikingly they are down-regulated in tumor cell lines and tumor cells present in 17 different tumor types. The differential expression of these transcripts distinguishes normal from tumor cells and might contribute a unique vision on cancer biology and diagnostics.

Actinomicosis de colon: caso clínico / Colon actinomycosis: a clinical case

Mujer de 44 años, portadora de DIU diez años sin control, consultó en el Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital San José Santiago, por dolor abdominal y baja de peso. Se encuentra tumor abdominal cuyo estudio incluyó enema baritado que demostró tumor perforado de sigmoides. Se resecó y la biopsia demostró actinomicosis. Tratamiento con 20 millones diarios de penicilina sódica durante 20 días. Esta afección es producida por el Actinomices Israelii. El diagnóstico se obtiene por bacteriología y anatomía patológica. Se actualiza el tema planteando el diagnóstico diferencial con absceso apendicular, cáncer, enfermedades inflamatorias del colon, pericolodiverticulitis, amebiasis y tbo. Se revisa la casuística nacional